This dissertation developed and validated the Intimate Image Abuse Scale (IIA Scale), a novel instrument designed to measure experiences of non-consensual intimate images, including coercion, non-consensual creation, and distribution or threat of distribution. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study integrated qualitative scale refinement, theoretical advancements in network psychometrics, and quantitative validation to establish the scale’s psychometric properties and advance measurement in technology-facilitated gender-based violence. Scale development began with a comprehensive literature review of existing measures, identifying gaps in how image-based abuse is conceptualized and measured. Across three studies, we developed, refined, and quantitatively tested the IIA Scale. The first study employed iterative cognitive interviews to enhance item clarity and relevance, capturing emerging forms of abuse such as coerced image creation and deepfake manipulation. The second study advanced network psychometrics as a scale validation method, challenging traditional latent variable models, which assume victimization is an internal trait rather than an externally imposed experience. The final study quantitatively validated the scale, revealing distinct clusters of IIA experiences and bridge connections between IIA, sexual violence, and dating violence. Findings provided robust evidence for the scale’s structural validity, with high item coherence and strong convergence with related measures of gender-based violence, supporting its utility as a comprehensive tool for assessing image-based sexual aggression. By offering a rigorously validated, survivor-centered measure, this dissertation fills a critical gap in the measurement of technology-facilitated violence and advances a methodologically innovative approach to understanding intimate image abuse and its intersection with other forms of gender-based violence in digital contexts.