Patterns of Diagnostic Follow-up after Abnormal Mammogram Findings
Moore, Maria
Citations
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in the United States. Over the past several decades, mortality rates have significantly decreased due to early detection through mammography. Among women who receive recommended screening mammography, around 12% require follow-up due to abnormal results. A significant body of literature has found that specific sociodemographic characteristics, such as race and ethnicity, age, and education, are associated with timeliness and adherence to follow-up after an abnormal mammogram. Still, there is a need to better characterize the early stages of the care pathway leading to a breast cancer diagnosis to more precisely identify disparities and inform targeted interventions that address gaps in early breast cancer detection. This study aims to begin to address this gap by identifying demographic characteristics associated with receiving any required follow-up and the amount of follow-up after an abnormal mammogram using American Cancer Society’s 2024 Cancer Prevention Study-3 Cancer Screening survey data. In this study, age, family history of breast cancer, and geographic region of residence were determined to be significantly associated with whether any follow-up was required after an abnormal mammogram, but no demographic characteristics were associated with the number of follow-ups required. Additionally, as would be expected, three or more follow-up procedures was most likely to result in a breast cancer diagnosis than fewer follow-ups. These findings establish a foundation for continued evaluation of the breast cancer screening pathway and highlight the need to examine additional components of the pathway within this geographically diverse cohort.
