The Women’s Music Movement: A Study of the Women’s Music Business Network (1975-2000)
Hunt, Emily
Citations
Abstract
The Women’s Music Movement (ca. 1975-2000) was a cultural movement in the United States led mostly by women who identified as lesbian feminists and were part of the second-wave feminism generation. During this period, the women involved in the movement not only wrote and performed music about their experiences, but also established a network of industry and business that helped spread their music and ideology across the country and other parts of the globe, like Canada, Europe, and Australia. Women founded their own record labels, distribution businesses, production companies, and annual music festivals. They also became sound engineers, managers, and promoters. This industry was both practical and political. Practical because it provided women, mostly lesbians, with jobs (in fields that had been dominated by men), and political because their work, including business decisions, was driven by their political ideology. They attempted to run their business using feminist ethics and ideas, pushing back against capitalism and the patriarchy by creating women-only spaces and relying on unorthodox business methods. This work discusses the history, music, and practices of businesses like Olivia Records, Redwood Records, Goldenrod Music, Ladyslipper, Inc., Roadwork, and Woman Sound, as well as women-only tours (Women on Wheels and Varied Voices of Black Women tours) and festivals (Michigan Womyn’s Music Festival, Sisterfire). It places the Women’s Music Movement within a much larger history of groups using cultural production to gain agency and work against systems of oppression. It also highlights the complexity of what they were doing and how difficult it was to agree on and maintain their political ideology while also trying to run successful businesses.
