Anticipated institutional support plays a critical role in shaping whether students choose to report experiences of sexual misconduct. However, few validated instruments exist to assess students’ expectations of institutional response. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Anticipated Institutional Support (AIS) scale, designed to measure students’ beliefs about how their institution would respond if a student were to report an experience of sexual harm to their educational institution. Specifically, this study used a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the factor structure of the 11-item AIS measure among a diverse group of student participants, stratified by gender and sexual orientation. Results indicated that a unidimensional structure was psychometrically untenable, failing to meet configural invariance (RMSEA = 0.224). Follow-up exploratory factor analyses revealed a remarkably consistent two-factor solution across all groups – Anticipated Supportive Responses and Anticipated Retaliatory Responses – partitioned by item valence. Higher latent factor correlations among women suggests a more integrated cognitive schema of institutional trust among women compared to men. These findings suggest that the AIS may not be a unidimensional continuum but a dual-process evaluation, although further research is needed to determine the extent of a possible method effect of item valence in the measure. Implications for campus climate assessment include the necessity of multidimensional scoring and the redistribution of reverse-worded items to mitigate possible method effects. This research provides a necessary foundation for refining institutional accountability and survivor-centered response strategies.