HPV Vaccine Knowledge, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills in Pediatric Nurse Practitioners Providing Adolescent Care
Citations
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with over 42 million people infected. Annually, about 36,000 people develop cancer as a result of HPV. Cervical cancer is the most notable, with 11,000 cases and 4,000 deaths annually. The HPV vaccine is effective in preventing related cancers; however, about 20% of parents are hesitant to have their child vaccinated. A healthcare provider's recommendation is a vital predictor for parents deciding to have their children vaccinated against HPV. However, there is a limited understanding of HPV-related communication and recommendations for pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs). The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships among HPV vaccine knowledge, social support, attitudes toward the HPV vaccine, vaccine motivation, and HPV vaccine behavioral skills among PNP educating HPV vaccine-hesitant parents. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. PNPs were recruited using a list-serve from the Pediatric Nursing Certification Board (PNCB), and data were collected via self-reported questionnaires in Qualtrics XM. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlations, and hierarchical multiple linear regression. Participants (N = 132) ranged in age from 25 to 76 years (M = 45.04, SD = 11.96), were mostly cisgender females (98%), White (89.4%), and held a Master of Science in Nursing degree (78.8%). They were mainly employed full-time (71.2%), about half (50.8%) worked at a private pediatric practice, and most (69.7%) had prior training on the HPV vaccine (69.7%). Higher HPV knowledge (r = .18, p < .05) and motivation (r = .49, p < .01) were significantly associated with greater HPV vaccine behavioral skills. Social support from peers and coworkers was a significant predictor of motivation (r =.33, p < .001), controlling for prior HPV training. However, attitudes towards the HPV vaccine and prior HPV training were not. Social support from peers and coworkers did not moderate the relationship between vaccine motivation and HPV vaccine behavioral skills. The study’s findings suggest that HPV knowledge, motivation, and social support from peers and coworkers are key factors that enhance HPV vaccine-related behavioral skills. Motivation may have the greatest influence on behavioral skills, with social support from peers and coworkers helping them to feel motivated. If PNPs focus on these factors, they could have more skills to deliver a strong recommendation for the HPV vaccine, deal with parental vaccine hesitancy, and increase HPV vaccine rates.
