The medical device industry can be quite competitive, and companies that succeed tend to provide innovative solutions that are adopted by surgeons for clinical use in surgery. However, successful clinical adoption of technology is often problematic for some companies, and this research aims to determine which behavioral factors influence surgeon adoption of technology in the medical device industry. This empirical investigation uses the Technology Acceptance Model 2 (TAM2) to test the relationships between technology acceptance and variables that impact surgeon behavior. This research examines spine surgeons’ adoption of 3D-printed implants used in surgery, and the results suggest that subjective norms, job relevance, and output quality represent predictors of a positive intention to use technology, which denotes a positive influence on technology adoption. Environmental and economic hospital factors have a moderating effect on the relationship between intention to use and 3D-printed implant adoption. These results contribute to research by extending the framework of the TAM2 to clinical adoption while testing for additional factors that have not historically been measured. The results also provide practitioners with insights to create marketing campaigns to address the behavior variables that influence surgeon adoption of technology.