Pain is a common and potentially debilitating condition. Whereas there is vast literature on developmentally appropriate behavioral techniques for pain management, results of curriculum evaluations and knowledge surveys reveal a dearth of awareness of these strategies in healthcare professionals. As a result, the development and evaluation of pain management training programs is an important endeavor. Results of studies evaluating such programs are promising and suggest that training may be an effective means of impacting healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, and even patient care. These results must be interpreted with caution however, as the literature contains several conceptual and methodological limitations. These limitations, in combination with the wide diversity in program components, format of delivery, and research methods preclude definitive conclusions on the most practical and effective means to provide training. To address this question, further systematic work on the development and evaluation of pain management training programs is warranted.