Date of Award

Spring 5-13-2011

Degree Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Physics and Astronomy

First Advisor

Dr. Gary Hastings - Committee Chair

Second Advisor

Dr. Julia Hilliard - Committee Member

Third Advisor

Dr. Yu-Sheng Hsu - Committee Member

Fourth Advisor

Dr. H. Richard Miller - Committee Member

Fifth Advisor

Dr. A. G. Unil Perera - Committee Member

Sixth Advisor

Dr. Gennady Cymbalyuk - Committee Member

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy has shown promise as an analytical tool for detecting changes in cells and tissues, such as those due to viral infection, apoptosis induction or malignancy. In many cases, diagnosis via FTIR microscopy can be undertaken on a timescale shorter than that required for other physical or histological techniques.

In this work we have used FTIR microscopy to study Vero cells that have been infected with herpes simplex virus (type I) and adenovirus. We have studied cellular samples at various time intervals following exposure to the virus. Several spectral regions were identified that allow discrimination between infected and uninfected Vero cell samples at 24 hours post exposure to both HSV1 and adenovirus. Spectral features were also identified that could be used to discriminate infected cells within 2-6 hours after exposure to both viruses. FTIR microscopy is therefore a useful tool for following the kinetics of viral infection in the 2-24 hours time range, at least at the levels of infection used in this study.

In a second type of study, FTIR microscopy was used to study apoptosis induction in acute lymphoblastic leukemia T-cells. Apoptosis was induced in T-cells in three different ways. We show that FTIR microscopy can be used to distinguish T-cells in the early stages of apoptosis from normal cells. We also provide data that may suggest that FTIR microscopy can distinguish cells that have undergone apoptosis via different pathways.

For most of the FTIR microscopic studies on cellular samples we have focused on the collection of spectral data in the 1500-800 cm-1 region. Spectra were collected for control cells and variously treated cells. The two sets of cells were then analyzed statistically using: 1) pair-wise comparison, 2) logistic regression, 3) partial least square regression, 4) principle component fed linear discriminant analysis and 5) hierarchical cluster analysis. The statistical analyses rigorously quantify to what extent treated and untreated cells can be distinguished. Since different statistical methods give differing results for the same data, it is important the right statistical method should be applied. The basis for these differences is discussed.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.57709/1956300

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